Kind of identifier the list holds. Identifier lists: hem, email, uid2, eid, ip, maid. Record lists: contact, account, domain, zipcode, phone, address.
An address list holds US postal addresses, one value per address in the form street|unit|city|state|zip, for example 235 S Jane St|Apt 202|Haysville|KS|67060. Every value has exactly four | separators; leave a part empty rather than dropping it (235 S Jane St||Haysville|KS|67060). Street and ZIP are required. An audience built with an address list matches on street, unit and ZIP, so it reaches every person at the address (household level).
Deliberately not constrained to that list. The column is stored as given and the API does not enforce a set, so a list created by an integration carries whatever type that integration reported. Those twelve are what is in use today, not a guarantee. Match the ones you handle and pass the rest through rather than rejecting them.